喝水比漱口好!?

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Jan;44(1):175-9.
 Water ingestion improves performance compared with mouth rinse in dehydrated subjects.

這篇文章比較的是已經處於脫水狀態的選手，給予喝水25cc或者漱口25cc，在"高強度"運動的表現是否有差異。研究發現，喝水組比漱口組表現優異許多。 這樣的研究當然與現時有所差異，第一、進行耐力運動應該持續喝水，不應讓自己落入脫水的窘境。第二、實際上比賽時能喝就喝，有實運動太過劇烈吞不下去就用漱口的，沒有比賽會規定只能喝水或只能漱口。不過研究就是這樣，需要一些限制使他客觀。但是起碼也帶給我們一些新的想法。

Source
Laboratory of Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. Abstract: It has been suggested that mouth rinse and/or ingestion of fluids during exercise may have a beneficial effect on performance. However, the existing results are controversial.
Purpose:
We hypothesized that pharyngeal receptor activation through ingestion of a small amount of water could enhance performance better than mouth rinse in dehydrated subjects.
Methods:
Ten healthy trained male cyclists (weight = 78.2 ± 2.2 kg, age = 25.9 ± 1.0 yr, body fat = 15.6% ± 1.6%, VO2max = 53.8 ± 4.8 mL · kg(-1) · min(-1)) completed three time-to-exhaustion cycling tests at 75% of their maximum power output after being dehydrated by 2% of their total body weight. Dehydration was induced by a 2-h moderate-intensity exercise (70% of maximum HR), which included 30-min intervals alternating between jogging and cycling in the heat (31 °C). All subjects repeated the protocol in random order on three separate occasions: a) mouth rinse with 25 mL of plain water before and every 5 min of the trial (MR), b) ingestion of 25 mL of plain water before and every 5 min (DR), and c) control (CON), where no fluids were provided. Blood and urine samples were collected at the beginning of the dehydration phase, before the performance test, and at the end of the experimental protocol.
Results:
A significantly greater time to exhaustion was recorded in the DR trial compared with MR and CON trials (21.9 ± 1.2 vs 18.7 ± 1.3 and 17.7 ± 1.1 min, respectively, P < 0.05). There were no differences in mean HR, maximum lactate concentration, or RPE between the three trials (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: 
 The results demonstrated that ingestion of even a small amount of water increased exercise time in dehydrated subjects possibly through activation of pharyngeal receptors.